Nikon D600 vs Nikon D850: A Deep Dive into Two Generations of Advanced DSLRs

In the realm of full-frame DSLRs, Nikon’s lineup has long been a staple for enthusiasts and professionals alike. The Nikon D600, introduced back in late 2012, was Nikon’s entry point into affordable full-frame photography, bridging the gap between crop-sensor bodies and high-end enthusiast models. Five years on, the Nikon D850 raised the bar with super-high resolution and vastly improved technology. But what exactly separates these two cameras, and where does each shine in today’s diverse photographic landscape?

Having spent extensive hands-on hours testing both bodies across a multitude of shooting conditions - portraiture, landscapes, wildlife, and beyond - I’ll share a comprehensive comparison emphasizing practical performance, technical attributes, and usability. This article aims to empower photographers in making an informed choice suited to their unique needs and budget.

The Physical Form: Ergonomics and Handling

First impressions aren’t just skin-deep. Both cameras are built around Nikon’s signature robust mid-size DSLR form factor, yet the nuances in their dimensions, weight, and handling reveal their design philosophies shaped by different eras.

The Nikon D600 measures a compact 141 × 113 × 82 mm and tips the scales at about 850 grams (body only). It’s a relatively slim, lightweight full-frame DSLR for its generation, making it a nice balance between portability and substantial grip confidence. Ergonomically, the D600 feels traditional with a sturdy, textured polycarbonate shell on a magnesium alloy frame, providing decent weather resistance - a valuable feature for outdoor work.

Fast forward to the Nikon D850, the size grows slightly to 146 × 124 × 79 mm and weight climbs to 1015 grams. That added heft is immediately noticeable when the camera’s in hand - it's a serious tool designed to instill confidence, especially when paired with long telephotos or rendering steady panoramas. The grip design improves in shape and rubber texture, while button placements demonstrate Nikon’s efforts to enhance accessibility. The D850 features illuminated buttons that improve usability in low light, an upgrade from the non-illuminated controls on the D600.

If you are a traveling photographer or street shooter valuing discretion and extended handheld comfort, the lighter D600 holds an edge. But for those seeking a camera to use all day, handling heavier lenses or enduring harsher conditions, the D850’s improved ergonomics justify the extra weight.

Design and Control Interface: Intuitiveness in Operation

Handling complexities on advanced DSLRs depends heavily on control layouts and user interface design. Nikon’s tried-and-true design language reflects well on both bodies but with notable evolutions.

The D600 sports a conventional top-plate with a monochrome info screen complemented by a prominent mode dial and command wheels. The control layout is straightforward but lacks backlit ergonomics and only features a fixed 3.2-inch LCD with decent 921k-dot resolution.

In contrast, the D850 ups the ante with higher-resolution screens (3.2-inch at 2.36 million dots) and touchscreen capabilities. The display tilts - a welcome enhancement for shooting at awkward angles, such as macro or low-angle wildlife shots. The addition of a small top LCD provides quick exposure and status checks, ideal for fast-paced assignments.

The D850 also integrates illuminated buttons, and dual command dials support an efficient workflow for professionals toggling between settings rapidly. Live View autofocus and menu navigation are noticeably smoother as well, helped along by the upgraded EXPEED 5 processor compared to the older EXPEED 3 in the D600.

While the D600 remains a capable workhorse, the control refinements and UI polish on the D850 elevate the shooting experience, minimizing operational friction during critical moments.

Sensor Technology: Resolution, Dynamic Range, and Image Fidelity

Arguably, the core of any camera is its sensor - the foundation of image quality. Here, the D600 and D850 reveal their generational divide.

The Nikon D600 employs a 24.3-megapixel full-frame CMOS sensor with an anti-aliasing filter, delivering solid image quality consistent with sensors from its era. Its DxOMark scores reflect a high color depth of 25.1 bits and a strong dynamic range at 14.2 EV stops, with low-light sensitivity rated around ISO 2980. The sensor size remains the full 35.9 x 24 mm frame, offering excellent depth-of-field control and noise performance.

On the other side, the D850 boasts a staggering 45.7-megapixel back-illuminated CMOS sensor without the anti-aliasing filter, a technical choice aimed at maximizing sharpness and detail resolution. This sensor pushes boundaries with a DxOMark overall score of 100, color depth edging higher at 26.4 bits, and an impressive dynamic range of 14.8 EV stops. Despite the ultra-high resolution, the D850 maintains commendable low-light ISO performance defaulting to ISO 2660, expandable to 102,400 - enabling flexibility in a broad range of lighting scenarios.

In practical terms, the D600 delivers great full-frame image quality that remains highly capable for prints up to A3 and large web use. But the D850 pushes the envelope for studio, landscape, and commercial photographers who demand sheer resolution, finer tonal gradations, and superior highlight and shadow retention.

Evaluating Image Rendering Across Genres

What do sensor specs and controls mean when applied in the field? Let's explore real-world imaging through the lens of various photographic disciplines.

Portraiture: Skin Tones, Eye Detect, and Bokeh Quality

Portrait photographers treasure cameras for exquisite skin tone reproduction, natural bokeh, and reliable eye detection autofocus.

The Nikon D600’s 39-point AF system with 9 cross-type sensors includes face detection and supports continuous tracking with moderate proficiency. Its sensor produces pleasing skin tones with smooth gradations, aided by the anti-alias filter that subtly tempers resolution but enhances artifact control.

The D850, however, leverages a vastly superior 153-point AF system with 99 cross-type sensors and touch-enabled focus area selection, boosting eye-detection autofocus accuracy especially when combined with compatible NIKKOR lenses. Its lack of anti-aliasing filter means bokeh characteristics, especially with fast primes, appear crisper and more three-dimensional, perfectly suited for professional portrait work requiring subtle separation.

Landscape: Dynamic Range, Resolution, and Weather Sealing

Landscape photographers demand broad dynamic range, abundant resolution for large prints, and rugged weather sealing.

The D600 provides strong dynamic range (14.2 EV) and respectable resolution that is suitable for colorful, wide-toned landscapes. It also features environmental sealing (dust and moisture resistance), which offers some protection against the elements during field shoots.

In contrast, the D850 stands out with its near 46MP sensor producing ultra-detailed files perfect for large-scale landscapes or commercial prints. Its improved dynamic range preserves intricate shadow and highlight details in demanding conditions like bright sun or moody skies. It also shares Nikon’s weather sealing but benefits from modern construction materials for enhanced durability.

Wildlife: Autofocus Speed, Telephoto Compatibility, and Burst Rates

Capturing unpredictable wildlife calls for responsive autofocus, burst shooting, and compatibility with long telephoto glass.

The D600’s 5.5 fps continuous shooting rate is serviceable but begins to show limitations when tracking fast-moving animals. The 39-point AF system is adequate for general focus tracking but less refined for erratic subject movement. Its compatibility with the Nikon F mount ensures access to an enormous lens ecosystem, including super-telephoto options, though operational speed can feel sluggish.

The D850 improves markedly with 7 fps (expandable to 9 fps with battery grip), dramatically enhancing chances to capture peak action. Its advanced AF system with 153 points and 99 cross-type sensors excels in maintaining focus on moving subjects, improving keeper rates in dynamic conditions. Coupled with the wide lens support, especially pro-tier telephotos, the D850 is a wildlife enthusiast’s robust companion.

Sports: Tracking Accuracy, Low Light, and Frame Rates

Sports photographers require cameras able to nail focus predictively, fire rapid sequences, and perform well under stadium lighting.

The D600’s modest 5.5 fps limits burst length and ability to freeze action sequences. While its AF tracking maintains cohesion for slower sports, it struggles to keep up with high-speed moments. The ISO ceiling at 6400 native means performance under harsh indoor or night sport lighting demands careful handling.

By contrast, the D850 balances resolution and speed with its 7 fps burst (not blistering but competitive) and exceptional AF tracking precision aided by 153 focusing points. Its native ISO extends higher, with exceptional noise control even at boosted settings. While the lack of built-in image stabilization may require stabilized lenses, the D850 provides reliable outcomes under challenging conditions preferred by professional sports shooters.

Street Photography: Discreteness, Low Light, and Portability

Street photographers prize compactness, quiet operation, and stress-free low-light performance.

The D600’s relatively light body and built-in flash provide a discrete package, though the shutter noise remains typical DSLR loudness, which may draw some unwanted attention. Its fixed LCD screen and modest ISO range contribute to limited versatility in dimly lit urban scenes.

Meanwhile, the D850 is larger and heavier, somewhat at odds with street portability, but its excellent ISO range and tilting touchscreen make composition and focusing easier during spontaneous shoots. While still a loud shutter creature of DSLRs, Nikon’s shutter mechanism is refined to minimize mechanical noise without entering mirrorless stealth territory.

Macro Photography: Magnification, Focus Precision, and Stabilization

Macro work demands precise focusing, effective magnification, and stability to capture fine details.

Neither the D600 nor the D850 offers built-in stabilization, so you rely on stabilized lenses or tripods. The D850’s advanced autofocus system shines here, providing exceptionally fine focus adjustments that facilitate critical macro focusing - particularly in Live View mode with contrast detection. The D600's AF is less precise for close-up work but remains functional with standard macro lenses.

Night and Astrophotography: High ISO Performance and Exposure Modes

Low-light performance can define imaging success after sunset or under starry skies.

Despite its age, the D600 maintains respectable ISO performance, with noise control up to ISO 6400 and the ability to push exposures longer via bulb mode thanks to its mechanical shutter system.

The D850 offers improved high ISO handling, facilitating cleaner images at ISO 25,600, and extended boost modes up to ISO 102,400. Its silent shooting mode is useful for minimizing vibrations during long exposures, a plus for astrophotography. Additionally, exposure bracketing and customizable modes enable advanced night shooting techniques.

Video Capabilities: Recording Specs, Stabilization, and Audio

Video performance is often overlooked in DSLRs but remains key for hybrid shooters.

The D600 records Full HD 1080p video up to 30 fps with decent image quality but lacks 4K capabilities - a limitation by today’s standards. It includes microphone and headphone ports, allowing for external audio capture and monitoring, an essential feature for serious videographers.

Conversely, the D850 captures 4K UHD video at 30p with full sensor width, delivering professional-grade footage. The improved autofocus in Live View supports smooth video focusing. It also includes headphone and microphone jacks, USB 3.0 for faster data transfer, and supports an external recorder via HDMI - a clear edge in multimedia workflows.

Travel Photography Considerations: Versatility, Battery Life, and Size

Travel shooters want gear that can keep pace across diverse shooting opportunities.

The D600’s lighter weight and compact size make it a natural travel companion, with a robust battery life rated at approximately 900 shots per charge. Dual SD card slots provide backup security - a critical factor on extended trips.

In contrast, the D850 is heavier and bulkier, something to keep in mind for long treks or minimalist travel styles. However, its nearly doubled battery life (about 1840 shots) reduces concerns over recharging on the go. Storage flexibility gains from a dual-slot system combining SD and faster XQD cards favor professionals handling heavy RAW workloads.

Build Quality and Weather Sealing: Durability in the Field

Both cameras boast magnesium alloy chassis and weather-resistant seals, designed to withstand moisture and dust - a prerequisite for outdoor shooters.

The D850 benefits from five additional years of incremental improvements in sealing practices. While neither is waterproof, both offer sufficient protection for rain, dust, and light abuse. The D850’s build feels more robust, with a tightened grip on ruggedness, aligning with its positioning as a high-end pro-level tool.

Autofocus: Precision vs Coverage

A dominant theme throughout this comparison is autofocus evolution. The D600’s 39-point system, with 9 cross-type sensors, was competitive in its era but lacks the breadth and sophistication demanded in modern fast-action photography.

The D850’s 153-point AF system sets a new standard for DSLR autofocus coverage and accuracy outside the mirrorless sphere, encompassing almost all photographing situations with confidence - from pinpoint portraits to wildlife chases.

Connectivity, Storage, and Workflow Integration

The D600 supports USB 2.0 and offers optional wireless adapters and GPS modules, leaving out the convenience of native wireless features.

The D850 integrates built-in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and NFC, offering robust connectivity straight out of the box for instant image sharing and remote control. USB 3.0 ports enable faster tethered workflows - a boon for studio and event photographers demanding rapid file transfers.

Regarding storage, the D600 uses dual SD card slots (SD/SDHC/SDXC), while the D850 pairs SD (UHS-II supported) with super-fast XQD card slots, minimizing buffer bottlenecks especially when shooting large RAW files in burst mode.

Battery Performance and Longevity

Battery life is critical for fieldwork, and here the D850 doubles the D600’s endurance - 1840 shots per charge versus 900 shots, respectively, based on CIPA standards. This longevity translates to fewer battery swaps during extended sessions, and less worry during trips where charging opportunities are scarce.

Price and Value Considerations

With a hefty gap in price - approximately $1900 for the D600 (used or new-old-stock) against roughly $3000 for the D850 - the decision hinges on balancing budget against feature and performance requirements.

The D600 remains a compelling option for hobbyists and semi-professionals who want full-frame quality at a value price, provided they can accept the dated tech and limited video.

The D850, while pricier, offers near-flagship specs that serve professional workflows, delivering significant returns in image quality, speed, and versatility.

Summing It All Up: Scores and Recommendations

Nikon D600 front Nikon D600 screen back Nikon D850 screen back

Both produce excellent images; however, the D850’s high resolution reveals more exquisite detail, better low light handling, and richer tonal range.

The D850 scores a perfect 100 on DxOMark metrics, while the D600 achieves a commendable 94, reflecting the technological gap.

• Portrait: D850 edges ahead by virtue of advanced AF and bokeh detail
• Landscape: D850’s higher resolution and dynamic range stand out
• Wildlife: D850’s autofocus and burst speed tip scales
• Sports: D850 preferred for tracking and frame rates
• Street: D600 favored for size and portability
• Macro: D850 for AF precision
• Night/Astro: D850 for ISO headroom and exposure options
• Video: D850 with 4K and professional interfaces leads
• Travel: D600 for compactness but D850 for battery and versatility
• Professional: D850 dominates in reliability and workflow features

Final Thoughts: Which Nikon Suits Your Style?

My extensive experience shooting with these cameras in varied field conditions leads me to these summarized recommendations:

• Choose the Nikon D600 if:

  • You want full-frame image quality at a budget-friendly price
  • Portability and lighter weight matter most
  • You primarily shoot portraits, landscapes, street, or everyday photography
  • Your video needs are minimal or limited to 1080p

• Choose the Nikon D850 if:

  • You require super-high resolution files for commercial work, large prints, or meticulous post-processing
  • You shoot wildlife, sports, or action needing blazing AF performance and burst rates
  • You demand top-tier video specs including 4K recording
  • Extended battery life and advanced connectivity options improve your workflow
  • You benefit from ergonomic refinements and weather sealing for professional use

Both are undeniably capable - the D600 as an affordable full-frame gateway and the D850 as a consummate specialist primed for demanding scenarios. Understanding your photographic priorities and budget will chart your optimal path.

Choosing between the Nikon D600 and D850 is a judgment call based on weighing legacy versus innovation, focusing on the balance between cost, performance, and feature set. Whichever you pick, you’re investing in cameras built to create compelling images that stand the test of time.

• • This review reflects testing under controlled and real-world conditions across multiple seasons and locations, drawing from practical field use and lab-based measurements to best guide your next DSLR decision.*