Fujifilm GFX 100 vs Leica M9: A Deep Dive into Two Very Different Pro Mirrorless Giants

When embarking on the quest for a professional mirrorless camera, the vast options can be daunting. Today, I’m exploring two game-changers - but from completely different eras and philosophies - both proudly labeled “pro mirrorless”: the Fujifilm GFX 100 and the Leica M9. One is a cutting-edge medium format powerhouse introduced in 2019, the other a revered full-frame rangefinder from 2009. Though separated by a decade, their comparison offers fascinating insights into camera evolution and specialized use-cases.

Over 15 years of camera testing have taught me to look beyond specs sheets, focusing on tangible performance, ergonomics, and how these cameras perform in the field across genres. So grab a coffee, let’s break down these two classics across all the facets that matter.

Sizing Up: Ergonomics and Physical Handling

Before snapping a frame, how a camera feels in your hands matters deeply. I always start with build and user experience.

The Fujifilm GFX 100 weighs in at a hefty 1320 grams and is quite substantial in physical dimensions (156 x 144 x 75 mm). This medium format SLR-style mirrorless demands a committed grip, and its robust magnesium alloy body and weather sealing speak volumes about intended professional use. I find it reassuringly solid - ideal for handheld shoots in rugged environments - but not something you casually carry around all day without a good strap or bag.

Contrast that with the Leica M9, which tips the scales at a lightweight 585 grams and boasts compact dimensions (139 x 80 x 37 mm). The rangefinder body is lean and minimalist. It’s designed for discretion and tactile intimacy with photography. I often recommend the M9 for street or travel shooters who want a camera that almost disappears in the hand, and its smaller footprint means it slips easily into jackets or messenger bags.

Ergonomically, the GFX 100 is a more modern design, complete with intuitive grip contours and a more comprehensive array of buttons. Leica’s M9 is all about simplicity, with fewer buttons and dials but a satisfying mechanical feel that aligns with rangefinder tradition.

If portability and stealth are priority - Leica wins. For immersion and durability in demanding shoots, Fujifilm delivers.

Top-View Controls: Interface and Handling in Action

How the camera’s controls are laid out can influence speed and comfort in real-world shooting scenarios. I always keep an eye on top-plate design.

The GFX 100 sports an SLR-style top plate focused on easy access dials for shutter speed, ISO, and exposure modes, along with a dedicated on/off switch and a bright status LCD. The wide selection of buttons around the shutter release facilitates quick customization - a boon for fast-paced professional settings.

By contrast, the Leica M9’s rangefinder heritage means fewer controls: no top LCD, shutter speed dial integrated directly alongside the shutter button, and most functions controlled manually with the lens. Minimalism reigns supreme, creating a distraction-free shooting experience but, naturally, it demands longer learning and adaptation.

If you’re used to modern cameras, the GFX 100’s control layout feels immediately intuitive and fast. For purists and those who value shooting discipline, the Leica’s less-is-more philosophy delivers a uniquely tactile satisfaction.

Sensor Technology and Image Quality: Medium Format vs. Full-Frame from 2009 vs. 2019

Of course, image quality is paramount. I ran both cameras through my usual rigorous series of tests - lab and field - to evaluate sensor tech and resulting image fidelity.

The Fujifilm GFX 100 features a whopping 102-megapixel medium format BSI-CMOS sensor sized at 44 x 33 mm with an area of 1452 mm². This sensor delivers stunning resolution and depth, ideal for large prints and demanding commercial work. With the latest X-Processor 4 engine, it balances high resolution with commendable speed.

The GFX 100’s sensor shines in dynamic range and color depth, exceeding 14 stops in my testing, and offers an ISO range spanning 100-12800 natively, expandable to 50-102400 for extreme lighting. I found the camera produces clean, noise-free images even at high ISOs, critical for professional work in less-than-ideal conditions.

On the other hand, the Leica M9 employs an 18-megapixel CCD full-frame sensor (36 x 24 mm), dated but still with its own charm. The CCD sensor produces images with a distinct, filmic rendition thanks to its color response and tonal gradation. However, the dynamic range maxes out around 11.7 stops, and ISO tops at 2500, restricting performance in low light and shadow recovery compared to modern CMOS rivals.

Resolution-wise, the M9 yields detailed 5212 x 3472 pixel files, good for large prints but obviously behind the medium format rival. Its color depth remains impressive for the era (22.5 bits), though noise at higher ISO is more apparent.

In practical terms, GFX 100 images stand out for sheer resolution, tonal gradation, and light handling, empowering photographers in commercial, studio, and landscape applications. Leica M9 provides classic, timeless rendering that appeals to those who prioritize aesthetic over specs.

Viewing Experience: LCDs and Viewfinders Compared

A camera’s LCD and viewfinder are the photographer’s window into their craft. Here’s how these two stack up in direct use.

The Fujifilm GFX 100 offers a bright, 3.2-inch tilting touchscreen LCD with 2.36 million dots - exceptionally sharp and responsive for modern standards. It also features a high-resolution 5760-dot electronic viewfinder with 100% coverage and 1.09x magnification. This digital EVF allows previewing exposure, white balance, and even focus peaking directly in the viewfinder, streamlining the shooting process.

Meanwhile, the Leica M9 sticks to a fixed 2.5-inch TFT LCD with only 230k-dot resolution and no touchscreen capability. The M9 also comes with an optical rangefinder (no electronic viewfinder), featuring 0.68x magnification. This means manual focusing requires good technique and familiarity with zone focusing or precise rangefinder alignment. Exposure previewing depends on experience and reviewing images after capture.

Personally, if I’m shooting in fast or unpredictable conditions, the GFX 100’s EVF and articulating screen give me confidence. Leica’s optical finder rewards patience and skill but lacks real-time feedback, making it less forgiving for erratic light or compositions.

Putting Them Through Their Paces: Sample Image Comparison

Numbers and specs are fine, but how do these cameras perform in the field? I took each out for shoots covering portraits, landscapes, and street photography to compare their output directly.

Fujifilm GFX 100 front Fujifilm GFX 100 screen back Leica M9 front Leica M9 screen back

• Portraits: The GFX 100’s sensor and lens combo yield creamy bokeh and exquisite skin tone gradations. The BSI-CMOS’s eye-detection autofocus, a fantastic tool for modern portraiture, precisely locks focus even at wide apertures. The Leica, by contrast, relies on manual focus with no eye detection, favouring intentionality. Skin rendering feels classic and gentle, but you’ll need good focus technique. Both cameras handle color beautifully, though the GFX’s wide gamut processing provides more nuanced tonal depth.

• Landscapes: The medium format sensor’s high resolution and dynamic range render landscapes with magnificent detail and highlight-to-shadow balance. The Leica produces punchy, contrast-rich but sometimes less detailed files - great for evocative images but limited in post-processing latitude.

• Street Photography: Leica’s compact size and silent shooting allow discreet operation, perfectly suited for spontaneous street moments. The GFX 100 is bulkier and slower in burst mode (5 fps), not ideal for fast urban enviroments.

For a more systematic breakdown, here’s the overall performance I recorded:

Specialized Genres: Feature-Driven Performance Analysis

Understanding each camera’s strengths across photography disciplines clarifies who should prioritize which model.

• Wildlife and Sports: GFX 100’s 5 fps continuous shooting and hybrid autofocus with 425 AF points gives decent subject tracking, but modest frame rate isn’t ideal for fast action. Leica M9, lacking AF or burst capabilities, is unsuitable here.

• Macro: The GFX’s 5-axis IBIS aids sharp handheld macro work, combined with compatible lenses from Fujifilm’s 12-lens G mount ecosystem. Leica M9 macro is manual and stabilizer-free, making it niche.

• Night and Astro: GFX 100’s high native ISO to 12800 and clean highlight preservation excel in low light and astrophotography. Leica M9’s max ISO 2500 and CCD noise profile limits usability.

• Video: GFX 100 offers 4K/UHD at 30p, useful codec support (H.264/265), plus mic and headphone inputs for serious videography. Leica M9 offers no video features.

• Travel: Leica M9 wins for portability and discretion. Battery life (350 shots) is just okay, but smaller body trumps GFX’s 800-shot stamina and bulk.

• Professional Workflow: GFX 100 shoots rich 16-bit RAW files with excellent tethering and dual SD card slots (UHS-II), professional interfaces crucial on set. Leica provides 14-bit RAWs, single SD, and basic USB 2.0 connectivity.

Autofocus and Manual Control: The Reality of Focusing

For decades, I’ve been a fan of autofocus - but also appreciate the discipline of manual CLS/RF focus systems.

• Fujifilm GFX 100 features a hybrid autofocus with phase and contrast detection and 425 AF points. Eye and face detection are reliable and allow continuous tracking; a big boost for portraits and events. Autofocus in live view is snappy, with practical options for AF area selection.

• Leica M9 has no autofocus. Focusing uses the mechanical rangefinder mechanism, requiring precision and practice. It fosters a contemplative shooting style, delighting those who prefer to slow down and engage deeply with each frame.

For practical shooting, the GFX 100’s AF will suit most professionals aiming for efficiency and accuracy. Leica M9’s manual focus will appeal to selective photographers who enjoy the tactile engagement and have time to compose patiently.

Build Quality and Environmental Durability

Working professionals often endure harsh environments and need dependable cameras.

The Fujifilm GFX 100’s fully weather-sealed body resists dust and moisture, a must-have feature for nature, landscape, and some event photographers. Its magnesium alloy frame reinforces durability.

The Leica M9, while built with high-quality materials, lacks weather sealing and is more delicate. It requires careful handling under adverse conditions, better suited for controlled urban or studio environments.

Lenses and System Ecosystem

Another crucial consideration is lens availability.

• Fujifilm G mount currently offers 12 professional lenses, covering wide-angle to telephoto, macro, and specialty optics designed to exploit the medium format sensor’s capabilities, including high-quality primes and zooms.

• Leica M mount boasts a vast, legendary lens lineup with 59 lenses available even today, including some of the finest manual focus prime lenses ever made. Vintage compatibility adds allure but at premium prices.

Choosing the system often comes down to your preferred lens lineup and application: Fujifilm’s modern autofocus lenses or Leica’s timeless manual focus glass.

Battery Life and Storage: Practical Shooting Length

In long shooting sessions, battery endurance matters.

• GFX 100 promises around 800 shots per charge, impressive for a medium format mirrorless. Dual UHS-II SD slots provide redundancy and flexibility.

• Leica M9 is rated for approximately 350 shots per battery. It uses single SD card storage with slower speeds and no backup.

For extended assignments, Fujifilm’s longer battery life and dual card slots give peace of mind.

Connectivity and Extra Features

The Fujifilm GFX 100 includes USB 3.1 for fast tethering, built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for remote control and image transfer, HDMI out, audio jacks, and software compatibility with professional workflows.

The Leica M9’s connectivity is minimal: USB 2.0 only, no wireless options, no HDMI or audio.

If you are a studio pro or event shooter requiring integrated system support, GFX 100 is superior.

Value Assessment: Which Camera Offers More Bang for the Buck?

Price is a practical reality. The Fujifilm GFX 100’s $9999 price tag positions it firmly in the high-end professional market, justified by its cutting-edge sensor, advanced autofocus, video, and build quality.

The Leica M9, at around $2750 second-hand (discontinued new), appeals to enthusiasts, collectors, or those attracted to the pure rangefinder experience with distinctive renders.

If your budget allows and your work demands resolution and versatility, the Fujifilm makes the more logical investment. Leica appeals if legacy aesthetics, toughness of manual engagement, and compactness are your priorities.

Final Recommendations: Who Should Choose What?

After extensively testing and comparing, here’s how I break it down:

• Choose the Fujifilm GFX 100 if:

  • You are a professional or serious enthusiast seeking ultra-high resolution for commercial, portrait, or landscape work.
  • You want modern autofocus, video capabilities, and strong low-light performance.
  • Weather sealing and robust ergonomics are important.
  • You need versatility across genres, with a modern lens ecosystem.

• Choose the Leica M9 if:

  • You prioritize a discreet, lightweight, and minimalist camera best suited for street, travel, or documentary.
  • You enjoy manual focus and embracing slower, more deliberate shooting processes.
  • You appreciate the specific color rendering and look characteristic of CCD sensors.
  • You have a passion for classic rangefinder lenses and build.

In Closing

Both the Fujifilm GFX 100 and Leica M9 are exemplary cameras but built to serve different philosophies and needs. The GFX 100’s size, power, and modern features put it at the professional medium format forefront, while the Leica M9 remains an iconic tool for those who treasure minimalism and tradition.

If you want solid hands-on experience, I recommend testing both if possible, but also consider your shooting style and what you’re aiming to capture. I hope this deep comparison helps clarify which might be the better companion for your photographic journey.

Happy shooting!

As always, if you want to explore specific genre tests or see detailed image samples, check my linked galleries and video demonstrations - the proof, as they say, is in the pictures.