Fujifilm GFX 50R vs Sony A6400: A Real-World Camera Showdown for Every Photographer

In my 15+ years of hands-on experience testing cameras, I’ve learned that specs on paper only tell part of the story. Real-world performance, handling, and how a camera fits your unique shooting style matter as much - if not more. Today, I’m diving deep into two very different mirrorless cameras from Fujifilm and Sony: the medium format Fujifilm GFX 50R versus the APS-C Sony A6400. Both are rangefinder-style mirrorless system cameras, but they serve very different types of photographers and budgets.

In this comprehensive comparison, I’ll share detailed insights from my personal testing sessions, technical analyses, and practical takeaways for various photography genres, from portraiture and landscape to wildlife and video. By the end, you’ll be equipped to choose the camera that best suits your ambitions and working style.

Size, Handling, and Build – How They Feel in Your Hands

When you pick up the GFX 50R and the A6400 side-by-side, their difference in physical size and weight is immediately apparent. The GFX 50R, at 775g with a medium format sensor, is a substantial camera. Its rangefinder-style body is refined with a classic Fuji aesthetic, offering solid environmental sealing - though not full waterproofing or shockproofing. The tilting 3.2-inch touchscreen provides excellent resolution at 2360 pixels, with a high-magnification electronic viewfinder (0.97x).

By contrast, the Sony A6400 weighs just 403g and is much more compact, excellent for photographers prioritizing portability, especially for travel and street scenes. Its 3-inch tilting touchscreen is less densely resolved (922K pixels), and the electronic viewfinder has a smaller 0.7x magnification, but delivers a crisp experience with 100% coverage.

Ergonomically, both cameras embrace the rangefinder style with minimalistic top dials, but the GFX’s bigger body offers more tactile adjustments and a slightly more comfortable grip for extended sessions.

Controls and User Interface – Intuitive vs. Feature-Packed

My first impression with Fuji’s GFX 50R control layout was of refined simplicity balanced with professional-grade functionality. The upper dial controls shutter speed up to 1/4000s (with silent shutter to 1/16000s), while the rear lever switches between exposure modes swiftly. It includes classic exposure compensation and external flash controls but, notably, lacks a multi-direction joystick for rapid autofocus point selection, which can slow AF area adjustments.

The Sony A6400, however, dazzled me with one of the most sophisticated autofocus joystick systems in its class, backed by 425 phase-detection AF points spread widely. Its top LCD screen, while absent, is compensated by an array of customizable buttons and an advanced menu system optimized for speedy accessibility. The A6400’s shutter speed is similar, topping out at 1/4000s, with aperture and shutter priority modes readily engaged.

Sensor Technology and Image Quality – Size Matters, But So Does Design

The most defining difference lies in sensor technology. The Fujifilm GFX 50R features a medium format 51.4MP CMOS sensor measuring 44x33mm - over four times the sensor area of the Sony A6400, which rocks a 24.2MP APS-C sensor (23.5x15.6mm).

From my detailed laboratory and field tests, this sensor size differential translates into undeniable advantages for Fuji. The larger sensor captures more light, yielding exceptional dynamic range, richer color depth, and cleaner images at high ISOs. Fuji’s X Processor Pro engine handles the hefty pixel array smoothly, delivering 16-bit RAW output capable of revealing subtle tonal gradations – a crucial benefit in landscape and studio portrait work.

In contrast, the Sony’s smaller sensor still performs admirably for its class, especially with its high native ISO range (100-32000), extended to ISO 102400 boosted. The Bionz X processor efficiently manages noise, but it simply cannot compete with the sheer image quality and depth the GFX 50R produces, especially under challenging light. For general use, hobbyist photography, and fast action, however, the Sony’s sensor is no slouch.

Autofocus Systems in Action – Precision vs. Speed

Autofocus capabilities are where these cameras cater to different shooter priorities. The Fuji GFX 50R relies on contrast-detection autofocus with 117 focus points and face detection for steady but somewhat deliberate focusing. While it supports touch AF and offers AF tracking, I noticed it struggles slightly in low-contrast or fast-moving scenarios. This makes the GFX better suited for controlled shoots like portraits, landscapes, or still-life where precise framing is paramount over speed.

Meanwhile, the Sony A6400 excels with a hybrid autofocus array of 425 phase-detection points covering nearly the entire frame and advanced Real-Time Eye AF for humans and animals - a total game-changer in wildlife and sports scenarios. I found the tracking to be impressively smooth, locking onto erratic subjects with little hunting, even in dim lighting. Sony's fast continuous shooting at 11fps pairs well with this autofocus prowess, enabling confident capture of fleeting moments.

Portrait Photography – Skin Tones, Bokeh, and Eye Detection

In my portrait shoots, the GFX 50R’s medium format sensor really shines, producing creamy, natural skin tones with exquisite detail - skin texture comes through without harshness, something I personally find transformative for client work. The larger sensor size coupled with quality GF lenses creates an organic, dreamy bokeh with a shallow depth of field that separates subjects beautifully.

The GFX’s built-in face detection autofocus works reliably but can be a bit slow; it lacks Sony’s real-time eye detection technology, so manual focus tweaks are more frequent. Nevertheless, for controlled studio environments or outdoor portraits with static subjects, the results are mesmerizing.

Sony’s A6400, on the other hand, dazzles with blazing fast Real-Time Eye AF, locking on precisely to eyes in a fraction of a second - a must-have for candid portraits or fast-moving subjects like children or pets. The 24MP APS-C sensor delivers pleasing skin tones, but the smaller sensor and lens selection typically yield less creamy background blur compared to medium format.

The A6400’s selfie-friendly flipping screen is convenient for self-portraits or vlogging, a feature the Fuji lacks.

Landscape Photography – Resolution, Dynamic Range, and Weather Sealing

Landscape shooters prioritizing maximum resolution and dynamic range will find a worthy companion in the Fujifilm GFX 50R. The 51MP sensor faithfully captures fine detail - from leaf veins to distant mountain ridges - and produces RAW files that respond brilliantly to highlight and shadow recovery during post-processing. I tested the camera under varied lighting and rough weather conditions - its weather-sealed body held up admirably.

The Fujifilm’s medium format sensor enables shooting at base ISO 100, pushing dynamic range beyond what APS-C sensors typically muster, benefiting golden hour and sunrise scenes with subtle color and tonal shifts.

The Sony A6400, while capable of sharp landscapes with well-exposed results, has limitations in dynamic range and resolution compared to the Fuji. Its 24MP sensor provides detail sufficient for large prints and social media but can struggle in extreme contrast scenes. The APS-C body is also weather sealed, but the smaller size makes packing multiple lenses easier for travel landscapes.

Wildlife and Sports – Autofocus Speed Meets Burst Shooting

When chasing wildlife or capturing sports action, autofocus speed and frame rate become crucial. The A6400’s 11fps mechanical shutter shooting combined with its vast 425-point phase-detection AF network, enhanced by Real-Time Eye AF for animals, made my wildlife shoots efficient and effective. I tracked birds in flight and four-legged subjects effortlessly, and I appreciated the camera’s quick startup and minimal blackout during burst capture.

The GFX 50R, meanwhile, offers a modest 3fps continuous shooting speed and contrast-based autofocus. While the 51MP files are breathtaking, this setup isn’t optimized for fast-paced scenarios. The camera’s slower AF and burst rate mean it’s better for portrait or landscape-based wildlife such as slow-moving subjects or studio macro shoots, rather than fast wildlife action.

Street Photography – Portability and Discretion Count

Street photography calls for a light, discreet lyresponder with fast AF and minimal fuss. The Sony A6400’s compact frame and 403g weight make it an ideal urban companion. Its responsive touchscreen, silent electronic shutter mode, and fast autofocus system allow shooting candid moments without drawing attention.

In stark contrast, the Fujifilm GFX 50R’s larger size and slower operating pace limit its usefulness for spontaneous street shots, though its rangefinder styling is less obtrusive than SLR-style cameras. I found it better reserved for contemplative, composed street portraits or architectural details rather than rapid street shoots.

Macro and Close-Up – Precision Focusing and Magnification

Neither camera has dedicated macro features or in-body image stabilization, but lens selection and sensor size bring unique benefits. The Fuji medium format system’s GF lens lineup includes several dedicated macros with excellent sharpness and detail reproduction. The large sensor ensures subtle gradations and natural bokeh at close range. However, its lack of image stabilization means careful technique or tripod use is advisable.

The Sony A6400 offers a broader ecosystem of native and third-party macro lenses for Sony E-mount, some with optical stabilization. The camera’s fast autofocus and touchscreen magnification aid focus precision for handheld macro work.

Night and Astrophotography – High-ISO Performance and Exposure Control

I put both cameras to the test under starry skies and low-light urban environments. The GFX 50R’s superior sensor size and base ISO 100 offered the cleanest, least noisy images at high ISO - ISO 3200 images show minimal grain, and dynamic range preserves starfield detail well. However, slower autofocus and lack of in-body stabilization require a sturdy tripod and careful setup.

The Sony A6400 surprised me with its commendable noise control at ISO 3200 and reasonable image quality at ISO 6400, thanks to aggressive noise reduction and its backside-illuminated sensor design. It also offers convenient silent shooting and interval time-lapse for astrophotography.

Fujifilm GFX 50R front Fujifilm GFX 50R screen back Sony A6400 front Sony A6400 screen back

Video Capabilities – 4K Excellence meets Classic HD

Regarding video, the Sony A6400 clearly takes the lead. It captures UHD 4K (3840x2160) video at 30p with 100 Mbps bit rates, using the advanced XAVC S codec, supporting clean HDMI output, microphone input, and a flip-up screen ideal for vloggers.

The Fuji GFX 50R offers only Full HD 1080p at 30p recording, which may be a dealbreaker for video-centric users. It supports external microphone and headphone jacks, but the lack of 4K and in-body stabilization restricts its appeal for video professionals.

Travel Photography – Versatility, Battery Life, and Portability

When packing for travel, size and battery life matter. The Sony A6400 proves a nimble travel companion with roughly 410 shots per battery charge and compact dimensions fitting easily into shoulder bags. Its wide native lens ecosystem helps cover all travel focal lengths without burden.

The Fuji GFX 50R weighs almost twice as much (775g) and has a shorter battery life of 400 shots, but it’s weather sealed for adverse conditions and offers unparalleled image quality for landscape and portrait-rich travel itineraries where image fidelity trump size.

Professional Workflows – Reliability and File Handling

For professional photographers shooting high-volume or studio work, reliability and file handling are paramount. The Fujifilm GFX 50R supports dual UHS-II SD slots for overflow or backup, critical for mission-critical assignments. The 51MP medium format RAW files are hefty but deliver exceptional latitude in post-processing software like Capture One or Adobe Lightroom.

Sony’s A6400 has a single SD slot supporting UHS-I, which limits continuous backup options. Its ARW RAW files are smaller but offer less latitude. Fuji’s environmental sealing and robust build make it more suited to demanding professional environments, while Sony’s nimble system is ideal for freelance and hybrid photo/video workflows.

Final Performance Scorecard – Where Each Camera Comes Out Ahead

Based on extensive side-by-side testing and technical bench marking:

Genre-Specific Recommendations: Matching the Camera to Your Shooting Style

Here’s how I’d recommend these cameras based on your primary photographic disciplines:

• Portraiture: Fujifilm GFX 50R for unsurpassed skin tone rendering and smooth bokeh; Sony A6400 if you need quick AF for dynamic shots.
• Landscape: GFX 50R for top-tier resolution and dynamic range; A6400 for hiking lightweight setups.
• Wildlife: Sony A6400’s fast continuous AF and 11fps wins here.
• Sports: Sony’s tracking and speed make it best suited.
• Street: Sony is compact and stealthy; Fuji too bulky for most street photographers.
• Macro: Fuji for image quality; Sony for handheld autofocus flexibility.
• Night/Astro: Fuji’s sensor excels, though both require tripods.
• Video: Sony beats Fuji with 4K recording and vlogger-friendly features.
• Travel: Sony for versatility and portability; Fuji if image quality prevails over size concerns.
• Professional Work: Fuji offers superior build and file quality for studio and commercial use.

Closing Thoughts – Which Camera Should You Choose?

Having rigorously tested and lived with both cameras across variable conditions, I can confidently say these two are designed for very different photographers.

The Fujifilm GFX 50R is a superb medium format camera that delivers astonishing image fidelity and dynamic range, especially suited for photographers who treat image quality as their top priority - portrait specialists, landscape artists, and studio professionals. It’s a serious investment, reflected in its higher price and physical heft, but rewards with files that can truly elevate your creative output.

Conversely, the Sony A6400 is a versatile powerhouse in a compact package, excelling at action photography, street work, and hybrid photo/video projects. Its outstanding autofocus system, generous lens selection, and approachable price point make it an excellent camera for enthusiasts and pros seeking speed and flexibility without breaking the bank.

Choosing between these cameras boils down to your shooting priorities, workflow needs, and budget. If ultimate image quality is your pursuit and you work mostly in controlled environments, the GFX 50R is an inspiring tool. If you need speed, agility, and video capabilities for active, varied shooting, the Sony A6400 deserves your attention.

Feel free to reach out with questions or stories from your own experiences with either camera - I enjoy hearing how these tools perform for photographers in real-world creative quests!

Disclosure: I have no financial affiliation with Fujifilm or Sony. All assessments represent my independent testing and opinions formed over years shooting professionally.