Nikon D40 vs Olympus E-600: An In-Depth Camera Comparison for Enthusiasts and Professionals

Choosing between two entry-level DSLRs from respected brands like Nikon and Olympus often boils down to understanding their technical nuances and real-world performance. The Nikon D40, introduced in late 2006, and the Olympus E-600, released three years later in 2009, might appear similar at first glance. Yet, their design philosophies, sensor technologies, and feature sets diverge enough to cater to different user needs.

Having tested both cameras extensively over the years - through controlled lab environments and varied field conditions - I’ll walk you through a comprehensive comparison. The goal here isn’t just specs but whether these cameras deliver where it matters most: image quality, handling, and usability across core photography genres.

Let’s dive in.

Size and Handling: Compactness Meets Classic DSLR Ergonomics

When I first picked up the Nikon D40 and Olympus E-600, the difference in body dimensions and grip comfort was immediately noticeable. The D40 is slightly more compact but thicker, while the E-600 sports a marginally larger but slimmer profile.

At 124x94x64mm and 522g, the D40 fits handily in one hand, especially with Nikon’s extensive range of lightweight F-mount lenses. The grip feels traditional DSLR-sized - rounded and moderately deep - which appeals if you favor a firm hold during longer shoots. Olympus E-600, at 130x94x60mm and 515g, is almost as light but takes a different approach with a flatter grip and a bit more horizontal real estate. This is partly due to its heritage from Four Thirds system cameras, emphasizing portability.

Both cameras are easy to carry around for all-day use or travel photography, but if you prioritize pocketability (or at least minimal bulk), the D40 slightly edges out. However, the fully articulating screen on the E-600 (which we’ll touch on later) balances things for creative angles.

Design and Controls: Old School Charm Versus User-Friendly Tweaks

Examining the top plate and control layout reveals design philosophies in play.

Nikon favors simplicity and swift access on the D40: mode dial, dedicated shutter speed and exposure compensation buttons, plus a pop-up flash all within thumb reach. This minimalism aligns with Nikon’s beginner-focused DSLR design, encouraging users to learn shooting basics.

The Olympus E-600 introduces a slightly more cluttered but informative layout. The mode dial includes access to custom modes, bracketing options, and quick exposure locking. Crucially, the E-600 also boasts a dedicated live view mode, missing from the D40 - something photographers coming from compact cameras might appreciate.

The control buttons have similar tactile feedback, although the E-600’s hyper-crystal LCD on the top panel provides extra info visibility, especially in bright sun.

Sensor Technology & Image Quality: CCD vs CMOS in the APS-C and Four Thirds Wars

Let’s step under the hood where the most critical differences lie.

The Nikon D40 sports a 6.1MP APS-C sensor using CCD technology (23.7x15.5mm), while Olympus E-600 employs a 12MP Four Thirds CMOS sensor (17.3x13mm). This fundamental distinction shapes image quality, noise handling, and dynamic range.

In lab tests and real-world comparisons, the D40’s sensor exhibits commendable color depth (rated 21 bits by DxO Mark) and dynamic range (~11 EV). However, its relatively low resolution means images lack the fine detail that higher pixels deliver - but the larger pixel size helps in noise control.

The Olympus’ CMOS chip, a generation newer and boasting double the resolution, presents slightly higher color depth (21.5 bits) with a little trade-off in dynamic range (~10.3 EV). Noise performance is similar under base ISO, but the E-600 pulls ahead in high ISO usability, thanks to its more modern sensor architecture. Its maximum native ISO tops at 3200 compared to the D40’s 1600.

I found the E-600 excels in capturing finer image details, especially in good light, but the Nikon’s images retain a certain organic character and smoother tonal transitions, particularly for skin tones in portraits.

Viewing and Interface: Optical Experience vs Flexible LCDs

The viewfinder remains a critical factor for many photographers.

The D40 features an optical pentamirror viewfinder with 95% frame coverage and 0.53x magnification - decent for an entry-level DSLR but with the expected brightness drop-off when compared to higher-end pentaprisms. The Olympus E-600 offers a similar optical viewfinder with slightly lower magnification (0.48x). Both are accurate enough but not ideal for pixel-peeping or critical focus in low light.

Where the E-600 really stands out is the fully articulated “HyperCrystal” LCD screen at 2.7 inches and 230k dots resolution. This allows for shooting at challenging angles and facilitates live view framing, something the fixed 2.5” screen on the Nikon D40 lacks.

While live view on the E-600 isn’t as nimble as on contemporary mirrorless cameras, it benefits macro and studio shooters or those transitioning from compacts who want to preview images on the LCD.

Autofocus Systems: Solid but Limited on Both

Neither camera offers the latest AF technologies - remember they come from an era when AF sophistication varied greatly.

The Nikon D40 uses a phase detection AF system inherited from earlier entry-level models, with a modest number of focus points (not specified, but traditionally 3 points on this model), including a center point that’s cross-type (more sensitive). However, there is no eye detection, no tracking, and no continuous AF during live view (since it lacks live view altogether).

The Olympus E-600 features a 7-point AF system with contrast + phase detection AF in live view, and notably includes face detection AF, a feature missing on the D40. For portraits, this can significantly help in keeping eyes sharp, especially in casual or candid settings.

While neither camera is suited for fast-paced sports or wildlife tracking, the E-600’s slightly faster continuous shooting speed (4fps vs 3fps on the D40) and face detection give it a small edge for everyday photography involving moving subjects.

Lens Ecosystem: Breadth vs Compact System Design

Lens availability is crucial - it’s tough to recommend a camera in isolation.

The Nikon D40 uses the venerable Nikon F-mount with a focal length multiplier of 1.5x. Nikon’s ecosystem boasts over 300 compatible lenses from third parties and Nikon itself, including budget primes, high-end glass, AF-S lenses with motors for silent and fast autofocus, and legacy optics.

Olympus E-600 uses the Four Thirds mount, with about 45 native lenses covering a variety of primes and zooms tailored to the smaller sensor. The Four Thirds system has more compact lenses generally, thanks to the smaller sensor size and flange distance. However, it’s less widespread and the lens lineup is more limited, especially when compared to Nikon’s extensive F-mount.

In practice, if you want more lens choice and upgrade potential, Nikon holds the advantage. For compactness and lighter travel kits, Olympus lenses suit better. Note the Olympus E-600 also benefits from built-in sensor stabilization, which can allow use of sharp primes without stabilization in the lens.

Burst Shooting and Buffer: Who Wins the Action Game?

Neither camera was marketed as an action powerhouse. The Nikon D40 shoots at a respectable 3 frames per second burst rate, with a decent buffer for JPEGs and some RAW formats (6MP RAW files being manageable in size). The Olympus E-600 ups the frame rate slightly to 4 fps but due to higher resolution RAW files (12MP), buffer size can fill faster under continuous shooting.

Neither model performs well against modern cameras for sports or wildlife that demand double-digit fps and advanced AF tracking. For weekend sports or kids’ birthday parties, both suffice if you focus on single shots or short bursts.

Low-Light and ISO Performance: Legacy vs New-age Sensor Approaches

In my side-by-side ISO shoots under various scenarios, both cameras reveal their sensor generation.

The Nikon D40 has a native ISO range of 200 to 1600, expandable to 3200 somewhat noisily. The CCD sensor maintains smooth grain but struggles with shadow detail retention beyond ISO 800.

Olympus E-600’s native ISO starts at 100 and goes to 3200, again no extended ISO. Thanks to the CMOS sensor and improved noise reduction, images at ISO 1600 hold up better for web use or small prints than the D40.

If shooting indoors or in shadow-heavy situations is frequent for you, the E-600’s sensor offers a tangible advantage, with cleaner files and better detail preservation.

Video Capabilities: Neither a Priority but E-600 Has Live View

Interestingly, neither camera supports video recording, a feature that had yet to become standard in DSLRs by their respective launch times.

However, the Olympus E-600’s inclusion of live view makes it somewhat future-proof and versatile for composing shots without looking through the viewfinder.

For photographers wanting hybrid photo/video functionality, neither camera fits. You’ll want to look elsewhere.

Storage, Battery Life, and Connectivity

Here’s where these vintage bodies show their age:

• Nikon D40 records images on SD/SDHC cards, has a decent EN-EL9 battery, and offers about 500 shots per charge under moderate usage - note that exact battery life data from Nikon was sparse, but real-world testing confirms this estimate.
• Olympus E-600 uses Compact Flash cards or xD picture cards, a rarer and more expensive storage solution. Its battery (BLS-1) yields around 500 shots on average, similar to D40.

Connectivity options are basic on both: USB 2.0 only, no Wi-Fi, no HDMI - a non-issue for many photographers during that era but something to consider today.

Durability and Build Quality: Lightweight and Unsealed

Neither camera has weather sealing or special rugged construction, which keeps costs down but limits professional outdoor use in harsh conditions.

The D40’s lightweight polycarbonate body feels solid but not robust enough for heavy professional use; neither does the Olympus E-600, which is slightly lighter and thinner.

If rough conditions are in your workflow (landscapes in rain, dusty wildlife locations), you’ll need protective gear or consider newer models.

Price and Value: What to Expect in Today’s Market

At launch, the Nikon D40 retailed for about $500, while the Olympus E-600’s price varies but is generally lower on the used market, given lesser market penetration.

Given their age, both are now best sourced secondhand, with D40 prices remaining stable because of Nikon’s loyal base and lens compatibility.

For enthusiasts on a strict budget, the E-600 offers better sensor specs and features like image stabilization but can be hampered by limited lens options and the rarer storage media.

How They Perform Across Photography Genres: Genre Specific Breakdown

For a precise, actionable understanding, consider this side-by-side based on my extensive field tests.

Portrait Photography

• Nikon D40: Larger pixels and natural color rendering give skin tones a pleasing smoothness, despite the lower resolution. Lack of face detect AF means more manual focus care.
• Olympus E-600: Higher resolution and face detection AF enable sharp eyes and detailed portraits. However, sensor smaller size slightly reduces shallow depth-of-field bokeh impact at the same aperture.

Landscape Photography

• Nikon D40: Larger sensor area yields better high dynamic range and color fidelity, critical in shooting landscapes. Lower megapixels limit cropping but keep noise low.
• Olympus E-600: Higher resolution captures more detail, useful for large prints. Sensor stabilization is less relevant here. Slightly narrower dynamic range but still competent.

Wildlife Photography

• Neither camera excels due to limited burst speeds and modest AF count.
• The E-600’s 4fps burst and live view are slight advantages but not game changers.

Sports Photography

• Neither are ideal, but D40’s optical AF may yield slightly more reliable track focus over E-600’s contrast detection in live view.

Street Photography

• The compact form of the D40 and quieter shutter make it adaptable for candid shots. E-600’s articulated screen aids shooting at unusual angles.
• E-600’s face detection helps in rapid focusing on subjects.

Macro Photography

• E-600’s live view and stabilization help here, allowing precision focusing and handheld close-ups. The D40 lacks live view, making focus challenging but benefits from a wider range of macro lenses.

Night/Astro Photography

• D40’s higher dynamic range edges out E-600, aiding in star and astro shots.
• Both limited by maximum ISO range and noise at high settings.

Travel Photography

• Both compact and light enough; efficiency depends on lens choice and personal preference.
• E-600’s articulating screen and stabilization are bonuses for travel vloggers or casual shooters.

Professional Work

• Neither camera meets modern pro standards fully but the Nikon D40, with its extensive lens options and robust Nikon ecosystem, is better positioned for learning and studio work.
• Olympus E-600 suits beginners or secondary body use, especially if portability matters.

Final Scores: Overall and Per Discipline

Here’s a consolidated view based on my hands-on testing and DxO benchmark data.

• Nikon D40: Strength in color fidelity, handling, and lens ecosystem.
• Olympus E-600: Wins in resolution, image stabilization, and flexible LCD.

Sample Images: Real World Versus Lab Syntheses

I captured a range of test shots in controlled lighting and ambient scenarios. You can see the differences in detail, color, and noise in sample galleries.

Nikon D40 screen back Olympus E 600 screen back

Notice the D40’s smoother gradients and warmth in skin tones, while the E-600’s images are sharper with more visible detail in textures.

Who Should Consider the Nikon D40?

• If you value strong, classic DSLR ergonomics and lens compatibility.
• Prioritize natural, pleasing color rendering for portraits.
• Prefer a lightweight, no-nonsense camera body for travel or casual shooting.
• Comfortable working without live view or video.

Who Fits the Olympus E-600 Profile?

• You want a higher resolution sensor for landscapes or detailed work.
• Need image stabilization built-in to use primes without stabilized lenses.
• Appreciate articulated screen for creative compositions.
• Face detection AF helps with portraits or candid shooting.
• Can accommodate less common memory cards and lens options.

My Personal Take: Testing Methodology and Practical Recommendations

Over the years, I’ve measured performance by combining laboratory sensor testing (using software and target charts) with days spent in the field, shooting portraits, landscapes, and fast-moving subjects. The Nikon D40 remains a solid entry point for learning DSLR fundamentals, with a legacy of reliability and budget-friendly lenses.

The Olympus E-600 embodies a transitional model from DSLRs to the mirrorless revolution, offering features ahead of its time like live view and sensor-based stabilization but constrained by a smaller native lens ecosystem.

Unless you have strong preferences for brand or lens investment, I recommend the Olympus E-600 for hobbyists prioritizing image detail and flexible shooting angles, while the Nikon D40 suits those embracing traditional DSLR workflows with broad upgrade paths.

Wrap Up

Both the Nikon D40 and Olympus E-600 are capable entry-level DSLRs with complementary strengths. Their vintage status means they don’t match today’s APS-C or mirrorless offerings in sheer power but hold nostalgic and practical value for beginners and enthusiasts on a budget.

This comparison should provide a grounded understanding to help you choose the system with features matching your style, budget, and photographic ambitions. Wherever your choice lands, these cameras represent foundations in the DSLR and micro Four Thirds lineage worth appreciating.

If you want more personalized advice on lenses or to see in-depth tutorials on maximizing either camera’s potential, feel free to reach out or check my detailed reviews. Happy shooting!