Olympus E-PM2 vs Panasonic GH5S: An Exhaustive Comparison for Discerning Photographers

In this detailed comparison, we scrutinize two distinct Micro Four Thirds mirrorless cameras: the entry-level Olympus PEN E-PM2 (announced 2013) and the professional-grade Panasonic Lumix DC-GH5S (announced 2018). While sharing the same lens mount and sensor size category, these cameras cater to fundamentally different user bases and use cases. Our focus is objective, grounded in rigorous hands-on testing and technical analysis, designed to assist enthusiasts and professionals in making a well-informed choice.

Understanding the Physical Form Factor and Ergonomics

The Olympus E-PM2 employs a compact, rangefinder-style design targeting casual users and those prioritizing portability. In contrast, the Panasonic GH5S features a larger, SLR-style body purpose-built for advanced photography and video professionals.

• Dimensions & Weight:
  Olympus measures a svelte 110x64x34 mm, weighing just 269g. Panasonic’s robust GH5S tips the scales at 660g with dimensions of 139x98x87 mm. This considerable size difference impacts handling comfort, especially with heavy lenses or during prolonged shoots.

• Grip and Controls:
  The GH5S’s pronounced handgrip and extensive button layout cater to professional workflow efficiency, enabling rapid settings adjustments without menu diving. Conversely, the E-PM2’s minimalist controls reflect its simpler operational philosophy but may frustrate users seeking quick access to exposure parameters.

• Viewfinder Provision:
  The Olympus lacks a built-in electronic viewfinder (EVF), relying solely on the rear LCD for composing images, which can limit usability in bright conditions or fast-action scenarios. The GH5S incorporates a high-resolution EVF (3680k dots) with 100% coverage and 0.76x magnification, crucial for precise framing and focus confirmation.

Conclusion: For photographers who prize utmost portability or casual shooting, the E-PM2’s compactness and lightweight are advantageous. Meanwhile, serious users handling demanding environments benefit from the GH5S’s solid ergonomics and integrated high-quality EVF.

Display and User Interface: Modern Touchscreen Interaction

Both cameras feature touch-enabled rear displays, but technological advancements and articulation differ significantly.

• Screen Size and Resolution:
  The E-PM2 is equipped with a fixed 3.0-inch screen at a modest 460k dot resolution, adequate for basic framing and menu navigation but limited in precision for critically evaluating focus or image detail. The GH5S offers a larger 3.2-inch fully articulating screen with a striking 1620k dot resolution, affording excellent visibility and flexible shooting angles - invaluable for video monitoring and unconventional perspectives.

• Touch Responsiveness and Menu Navigation:
  The Panasonic’s touchscreen functionality integrates reliably with its extensive menus and focus controls including touch AF areas, making high-speed operation seamless. Olympus’s touch system facilitates basic point-and-shoot functions but lacks the nuanced responsiveness and multi-touch gestures expected in contemporary professional bodies.

Summary: The GH5S's superior articulating, high-res touchscreen significantly enhances operational agility and image review accuracy, whereas the E-PM2 suits users satisfied with simpler interface demands.

Sensor Technology and Raw Imaging Performance

Underpinning both cameras is a Four Thirds-class sensor; however, sensor resolution, processing, and optimization diverge markedly.

• Resolution and Sensor Size:
  Both have 17.3x13mm sensors, but the E-PM2 sports a 16MP sensor with an anti-aliasing filter while the GH5S utilizes a 10.2MP sensor that eschews an anti-aliasing filter to maximize sharpness and detail resolving power.

• ISO Sensitivity and Dynamic Range:
  The E-PM2 has a native ISO range of 200-25600, with DxOMark scores indicating a low-light ISO performance roughly up to 932 and respectable dynamic range (~12.2 EV). Conversely, the GH5S native ISO starts at 160 and extends to 51200 (boosted to 204800), optimized for extraordinary low-light sensitivity albeit at lower resolution. Though DxOMark data is unavailable for GH5S, Panasonic’s multi-aspect sensor design and Venus Engine processing emphasize signal-to-noise ratio improvements facilitating cleaner images at high ISOs.

• Color Depth:
  The E-PM2 achieves a color depth of 22.7 bits on DxOMark, consistent with its sensor vintage. The GH5S’s contemporary sensor delivers improved tonal gradation integral to professional workflows, though exact numerical benchmarks are not released.

Technical Implications: The Olympus sensor’s higher pixel count favors applications demanding detail and cropping flexibility (e.g., landscapes, portraits), while the Panasonic's larger pixel pitch and absence of a low-pass filter better serve low-light, video, and high-contrast shooting.

Autofocus Architecture and Rapid Responsiveness

Autofocus (AF) speed and accuracy often dictate usability, especially for demanding genres like wildlife and sports.

• Olympus E-PM2 AF System:
  35 contrast-detection AF points without phase detection, including face detection but no animal eye AF support. Focus tracking and continuous autofocus function adequately for casual subjects but show lag during rapid motion capture. The system’s contrast detection inevitably yields slower and noisier focusing compared to phase detection alternatives.

• Panasonic GH5S AF System:
  225 contrast-detection points, also lacking phase detection, which might seem a disadvantage theoretically. However, Panasonic combines advanced AF algorithms with Venus Engine processing and DFD (Depth From Defocus) technology, enabling 12fps continuous shooting with reliable focus tracking, especially in video mode with face and eye detection. It features center point AF and intelligent multi-area tracking optimized for professional workflows.

Evaluation: While neither camera employs hybrid phase-detection AF, the GH5S’s implementation is markedly more sophisticated for fast-imaging scenarios necessitating elevated tracking accuracy and burst rate performance.

Image Stabilization and Its Impact on Operational Versatility

• E-PM2:
  Boasts sensor-based image stabilization, a valuable feature for reducing handshake effects during handheld shooting, especially in low-light or macro work. This stabilization facilitates sharper images across various lenses without needing optical IS in each lens.

• GH5S:
  Notably omits in-body image stabilization (IBIS), a deliberate design choice to prevent potential sensor vibrations during video capture, instead relying on stabilized lenses or gimbal systems in video-centric workflows.

Consequences: Olympus's E-PM2 offers greater flexibility for stabilized still photography, benefiting users without access to optical IS lenses. GH5S users must pair stabilized optics or employ stabilization rigs for optimal results, particularly in video.

Video Capabilities: Contrasting Visions for Moving Image Creation

Video functionality has become a critical consideration for modern cameras, with significant disparities between these two models.

• Olympus E-PM2 Video:
  Capable of Full HD 1080p at 30fps in MPEG-4, H.264, and Motion JPEG with no 4K capabilities. Lacks microphone or headphone ports, restricting sound control and monitoring options. Video tools and options are basic, reflecting the camera’s emphasis on still photography.

• Panasonic GH5S Video:
  An industry-respected video toolset with DCI 4K (4096 x 2160) up to 60fps and 150 Mbps bitrate, H.264/H.265 codecs, and Linear PCM audio recording. Includes dedicated microphone and headphone jacks for high-quality, real-time audio monitoring. Supports 4K photo and advanced slow-motion. No built-in flash minimizes vibration risk during filming.

Implications: GH5S provides a professional-grade video platform suitable for filmmakers and hybrid shooters demanding cinematic quality and robust audio integration. E-PM2 is strictly for casual video recording without advanced features.

Build Quality, Weather Sealing, and Durability

• Olympus E-PM2:
  Constructed mainly of lightweight materials with no weather sealing or ruggedization. Not engineered for harsh environments or extreme weather conditions, typical of entry-level designs.

• Panasonic GH5S:
  Features a magnesium alloy body with splash and dust resistance (no waterproofing), catering to demanding fieldwork environments where reliability under adverse conditions is essential.

This difference positions the GH5S as a durable tool usable in professional outdoor scenarios, while the E-PM2 is best suited for controlled, fair-weather shooting or studio environments.

Lens Ecosystem and Mount Compatibility

Both cameras use the Micro Four Thirds mount, sharing access to the same extensive lens library comprising over 100 lenses.

• Olympus E-PM2:
  Benefits from a wide range of compact, affordable primes and zooms optimized for the smaller sensor format, ideal for travel and general use.

• Panasonic GH5S:
  Utilizes the same mount but typically paired with higher-end professional glass, including Leica DG lenses and fast primes to exploit the sensor's capabilities in detail and low-light contexts.

Advantage: Both offer significant lens flexibility; however, GH5S users commonly invest in premium optics to justify and maximize the body’s professional capabilities.

Battery Life and Storage Solutions

• E-PM2:
  Rated for approximately 360 shots per charge using the BLS-5 battery, with a single SD/SDHC/SDXC slot. Modest but acceptable for casual outings.

• GH5S:
  Offers improved endurance at 440 shots per charge with the larger DMW-BLF19 battery. Additionally, it supports dual UHS-II SD cards for simultaneous recording or overflow, enhancing workflow reliability and storage security - crucial attributes for event or commercial shooting.

Connectivity and Wireless Features

• Olympus E-PM2:
  Supports wireless via Eye-Fi card compatibility but lacks built-in WiFi or Bluetooth, limiting immediate sharing or remote control.

• Panasonic GH5S:
  Equipped with built-in WiFi and Bluetooth 4.2, enabling seamless wireless image transfer, remote shooting via dedicated apps, and firmware updates. No NFC.

The GH5S’s connectivity suite aligns with contemporary professional demands for efficient on-set workflows and tethering.

Performance in Varied Photography Disciplines

An authoritative evaluation must consider the cameras’ strengths relative to particular genres:

Portraiture

• E-PM2:
  16MP resolution suffices for standard portraiture with pleasant color rendering. Face detection AF aids subject tracking though eye detection is absent. IBIS contributes to handheld sharpness. Bokeh quality depends heavily on lens choice; sensor size restricts shallow depth-of-field effects compared to larger formats.

• GH5S:
  10MP sensor delivers excellent tonality and dynamic range; advanced face and eye AF enhance precision. Lower pixel density favors noise control in dim conditions, benefiting environmental portraits or event coverage.

Landscape

• E-PM2:
  Higher resolution sensor and good dynamic range suits detailed landscapes. Lacks weather sealing, limiting use in severe environs. Retains slower shutter ceiling (1/4000s), but acceptable for static scenes.

• GH5S:
  Lower resolution but improved high ISO performance and rugged body favor landscapes in less-than-ideal weather, including twilight or night scapes.

Wildlife and Sports

• E-PM2:
  AF speed and continuous shooting (8fps) adequate for casual wildlife but struggle with fast action or erratic movements. No animal eye AF.

• GH5S:
  12fps burst and sophisticated AF tracking make it markedly superior for sports and wildlife, although absence of phase detection slightly tempers performance compared to competitors with hybrid AF.

Street and Travel

• E-PM2:
  Compactness and lightness ideal for discreet shooting and extended travel portability. Single card slot and moderate battery life are considerations.

• GH5S:
  Bulkier, heavier, and more conspicuous; battery life and dual card slots favor longer shoots, but portability trade-offs are notable.

Macro and Night/Astro Photography

• E-PM2:
  IBIS aids macro handheld shooting; limited by modest sensor tech for extreme low light.

• GH5S:
  High ISO capacity and focus bracketing/stacking functions enhance night and macro shooting potential, catering to advanced techniques.

Video

• Olympus’s E-PM2 is basic, suitable only for casual Full HD clips.

• Panasonic’s GH5S excels, providing pro-level 4K60p capture, audio control, and efficient codecs.

Summary of Real-World Performance and Practical Considerations

Olympus E PM2 front Olympus E PM2 screen back Panasonic GH5S front Panasonic GH5S screen back

Tested under controlled and field conditions, the Olympus E-PM2 yields sharp, punchy images with adequate detail for standard printing and digital use cases. The Panasonic GH5S’s images render with superior noise suppression and are optimized for post-processing flexibility, especially benefiting professional clients or commercial usages.

Control layouts reflect intended users: simple and intuitive on the E-PM2; comprehensive and customizable on the GH5S, offering direct access to essential adjustments.

Overall Performance Scores and Value Assessment

While the Olympus E-PM2 scores a respectable 72 on DxOMark consistent with an entry-level mirrorless from its era, the Panasonic GH5S, though untested on DxOMark, commands a significantly higher price point reflecting top-tier performance and video prowess.

• Price-to-Performance Context:
  E-PM2 (~$450) offers excellent value for beginners or casual shooters with limited budgets.
  GH5S (~$2,500) demands a premium investment justified by its professional video features, build quality, and AF capabilities.

Final Recommendations: Matching Camera to User Priorities

Conclusion

The Olympus PEN E-PM2 remains a commendable choice for newcomers and photographers prioritizing portability and affordability without sacrificing core Micro Four Thirds image quality. However, its limitations in autofocus sophistication, video functionality, durability, and advanced features confine its application to casual and hobbyist contexts.

Conversely, the Panasonic Lumix GH5S is a distinctly professional instrument engineered to excel in video-centric and challenging photographic environments. It offers a comprehensive feature set tailored to specialists and creatives needing cutting-edge performance with Micro Four Thirds’ compact system flexibility.

Prospective buyers must weigh their budget constraints, primary use cases, and ergonomic preferences carefully. Neither camera is universally superior; each excels in its domain. Through this nuanced, experience-driven comparison grounded in rigorous testing, the right choice becomes evident for those seeking a capable Micro Four Thirds mirrorless solution.

This comparative analysis is the product of extensive hands-on evaluation, incorporating direct measurements, image quality benchmarking, operational testing, and workflow assessment to provide photographers with indispensable decision-making intelligence.