Olympus TG-5 vs Pentax 645D
90 Imaging
38 Features
51 Overall
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50 Imaging
75 Features
52 Overall
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Olympus TG-5 vs Pentax 645D Key Specs
(Full Review)
- 12MP - 1/2.3" Sensor
- 3" Fixed Screen
- ISO 100 - 12800 (Push to 12800)
- Sensor-shift Image Stabilization
- 3840 x 2160 video
- 25-100mm (F2.0-4.9) lens
- 250g - 113 x 66 x 32mm
- Revealed May 2017
- Old Model is Olympus TG-4
- Replacement is Olympus TG-6
(Full Review)
- 40MP - Medium format Sensor
- 3" Fixed Display
- ISO 200 - 1600
- No Anti-Alias Filter
- No Video
- Pentax 645AF2 Mount
- 1480g - 156 x 117 x 119mm
- Announced March 2010
- Refreshed by Pentax 645Z

Comparing the Olympus Tough TG-5 and Pentax 645D: A Comprehensive Expert Evaluation for Photography Enthusiasts and Professionals
Selecting a camera that aligns with your photographic ambitions involves a nuanced assessment of features, performance characteristics, and operational ergonomics. This strategic comparison examines the Olympus Tough TG-5 and the Pentax 645D across critical dimensions, emphasizing technical rigor and real-world usability. Both cameras address distinct market segments - from the rugged compact domain to professional medium-format photography - prompting a detailed evaluation to inform discerning buyers.
Understanding the Design Philosophy and Build Quality
The Olympus TG-5 targets adventurous users requiring a durable, waterproof companion capable of capturing moments in harsh environments, embodied by its compact body measuring 113x66x32mm and weighing a mere 250 grams. Its physical robustness extends to environmental sealing levels that include waterproof (up to 15 meters), dustproof, shockproof (2.1m drop resistance), crushproof (100kgf), and freezeproof (-10°C). This suite caters well to underwater, hiking, and extreme conditions photography.
Conversely, the Pentax 645D is a professional medium-format DSLR weighing 1,480 grams and sized at 156x117x119mm, reflecting a commanding presence and optimized ergonomics for studio or location use where durability complements repetitive handling rather than environmental abuse. Its chassis features weather sealing against dust and moisture ingress, critical for professional deployments but without the extreme ruggedness of the TG-5.
While Olympus emphasizes portability and resilience, Pentax prioritizes operational control and handling stability. The TG-5’s pocketable footprint favors travel and street reportage under variable conditions. The 645D’s heft supports precise manual handling, balanced around medium-format lenses.
Control Layout and Interface: Efficiency Meets Practicality
Examining top-panel design, the TG-5 opts for straightforward interface elements with a modest number of tactile controls complemented by a rear 3.0-inch fixed LCD screen at 460k-dot resolution. This screen suffices for framing and reviewing in bright conditions typical of outdoor use but lacks articulated flexibility or touchscreen capabilities that would ease composition under awkward angles.
The Pentax 645D’s top view reveals an arsenal of dedicated dials and buttons, reflecting its professional heritage. Its 3.0-inch rear TFT LCD boasts a higher 921k-dot resolution with anti-reflective coating, enhancing usability in varied lighting. The camera features a traditional optical pentaprism viewfinder with 0.85x magnification and 98% frame coverage, indispensably precise for manual focusing prevalent in studio and landscape workflows.
Ergonomically, the larger grip and button placement on the 645D facilitate extended handheld use, vital for tethered shooting or complex manual exposure scenarios. Meanwhile, the TG-5’s compactness trades control depth for portability, suited to incident-based capture rather than methodical composition.
Sensor Technology and Image Quality: Size, Resolution, and Output Characteristics
The optical sensor remains central to photographic quality. The Olympus TG-5 is equipped with a 1/2.3” BSI-CMOS sensor measuring 6.17x4.55mm, yielding a sensor area of 28.07mm² and delivering 12 effective megapixels (4000x3000 resolution). This sensor size is typical for rugged compacts and limits ultimate image quality, particularly in low-light conditions and dynamic range latitude. However, the Back-Side Illuminated technology enhances light capture efficiency, partially compensating for sensor size limitations.
On the other hand, the Pentax 645D employs a medium-format CCD sensor with expansive dimensions of 44x33mm and an area of 1,452mm² - over 50 times larger than the TG-5. It outputs 40 megapixels (7264x5440 resolution) without the need for an anti-aliasing filter, emphasizing maximal detail and micro-contrast critical for fine art, landscape, and studio photography.
From a testing standpoint, the larger sensor in the 645D delivers significantly superior color depth (DxO Color Depth 24.6 bits), dynamic range (12.6 EV stops), and noise performance (low-light ISO rating of 1262) compared to what’s achievable with the TG-5. The TG-5’s maximum ISO of 12800 is nominally higher but its small sensor accrues more image noise at elevated sensitivities.
In practical applications, this translates to vastly superior print flexibility and post-processing latitude from the 645D, equipped to retain detail in shadows and highlights. The TG-5 excels in bright outdoor conditions and macro scenarios where sensor limitations are less impactful.
Autofocus Systems: Speed, Accuracy, and Versatility
The autofocus (AF) system’s efficiency critically influences the success of capturing fast, fleeting moments. Olympus’ TG-5 uses a contrast-detection AF system with 25 focus points augmented by face detection and continuous AF modes. It supports AF tracking, live view, and manual focus with fine tuning capabilities. Its maximum burst rate is an impressive 20 frames per second - a standout feature in the rugged compact category suited to action and wildlife segmentation within its operational constraints.
The Pentax 645D relies on an 11-point phase-detection AF system optimized for manual and semi-automatic focus demands in medium-format uses, offering center-weighted AF area and selective focus modes. Continuous AF is limited (1fps max burst rate), reflecting the medium-format genre’s emphasis on precise capture over speed. Notably, the 645D lacks face and eye detection systems, which is typical for equipment emerging from earlier technological eras and the intended application domain.
Therefore, for wildlife or sports where rapid AF and high frame rates are imperative, the TG-5 offers an edge despite sensor compromises. Conversely, the 645D’s AF system supports studio and landscape tasks requiring painstaking focus accuracy with superior manual override.
Image Stabilization and Shooting Modes
The built-in sensor-shift image stabilization on the Olympus TG-5 materially benefits handheld shooting, especially in low light and macro photography, compensating for user shake and motion blur. It is particularly valuable given the absence of interchangeable lenses with optical stabilization on this fixed-lens device.
The Pentax 645D does not include in-body stabilization, aligning with medium-format standards where stabilization typically resides in lens design or is obviated by tripod use in professional contexts.
Regarding exposure control, the TG-5 offers aperture priority mode but lacks full manual exposure and shutter priority modes, limiting fine-grained exposure manipulation. It enables a shutter range from 4 to 1/2000 seconds and includes custom white balance with selective metering.
The 645D advances substantial programmability with full manual, aperture priority, shutter priority, and exposure compensation, enabling a sophisticated approach to exposure control necessary for professional workflows. Its shutter speeds cover 30 seconds to 1/4000 second, accommodating long exposures for astrophotography or creative motion blur.
LCD Screen and Viewfinder Comparison
The TG-5’s 3” LCD with 460,000 dots lacks touch functionality and articulation, yet its fixed type presents a resilient solution that withstands rough outdoor conditions. However, the limitations in resolution and non-articulated nature can constrain flexible operation and precise focus confirmation.
The Pentax 645D features a higher-resolution 3” TFT color LCD with anti-reflective coating and a top status panel for vital shooting information. Its optical pentaprism viewfinder provides near-eye composition critical for manual focusing accuracy and stable framing in professional settings.
Lens Ecosystem and Compatibility Considerations
The Olympus TG-5 is a fixed-lens camera with a 25-100mm equivalent zoom (f/2.0-4.9), offering versatility for walkaround and macro photography down to 1cm focusing distance. While limited in range compared to interchangeable lens systems, the focal length covers broad to short telephoto needs in compressed, rugged camera formats.
The Pentax 645D employs the Pentax 645AF2 mount, supporting a dedicated lineup of six professional medium-format lenses. This ecosystem encompasses wide-angle, standard, telephoto, and macro optics, enabling custom setups tailored to specific genres including landscapes, portraits, and studio photography.
Assessing real-world performance, the DSLR’s capacity to change lenses vastly extends creative potential and optical quality, albeit with increased system size and complexity.
Battery Life, Storage, and Connectivity
In battery endurance, the Pentax 645D dominates with up to 800 shots per charge, well-suited for extended studio sessions or field shoots. The TG-5’s rated 340 shots per battery cycle is reasonable for compact compacts but may necessitate spare batteries for prolonged expeditions.
Both cameras use SD card storage with UHS-I support on the TG-5 (single slot) and dual slots on the 645D, providing enhanced storage flexibility and backup options preferred by professionals.
Connectivity features highlight the TG-5’s built-in GPS and Wi-Fi, essential for geo-tagging and wireless image transfer - a boon for travel and outdoor applications. The 645D lacks wireless or GPS capability, reflecting its design era and workflow integration via tethered USB 2.0 connections.
Video Capabilities
Video functions demonstrate another divergence: the TG-5 offers 4K UHD video recording at 30p (102 Mbps) using H.264 codec with linear PCM audio. This delivers excellent video quality within a rugged package albeit with no microphone or headphone jacks, limiting audio control.
The Pentax 645D does not support video recording, underscoring its exclusive orientation toward still photography.
Specialized Photography Use Cases and Genre Performance
Portraiture
The 645D’s medium-format sensor size combined with high resolution delivers nuanced skin tones and superior highlight roll-off. The ability to select from specialized lenses with wide apertures facilitates excellent bokeh and subject isolation. The TG-5, with its smaller sensor and fixed lens, can manage casual portraits, particularly outdoors, but lacks the tonal depth and background separation characteristics favored in professional portraiture.
Landscape Photography
Pentax 645D excels due to its superior dynamic range, resolution, and rugged weather sealing against dust and moisture. It enables large prints with exceptional detail retention. The TG-5’s waterproof and shockproof traits translate well to harsh landscapes where environmental protection is paramount, but sensor size constrains image quality for large prints or intricate post-processing.
Wildlife and Sports
The TG-5 outperforms in autofocus tracking speed (20fps burst rate), integral for sporadic wildlife moments or sports subjects. However, its smaller sensor limits detail resolution on distant subjects. The 645D’s slower 1fps burst rate and modest AF points restrict dynamic capture suitability.
Street and Travel Photography
The TG-5’s compact size, waterproof rating, and discretionary design cater well to street and travel photography, affording inconspicuousness and environmental resilience. The 645D’s bulk and weight hinder portability but offer image quality unmatched for travel applications prioritizing top-tier output over convenience.
Macro and Close-up
Olympus TG-5 specializes in macro with 1cm close focusing, sensor-shift stabilization, and focus bracketing/stacking modes - ideal for entomology and botanical photography. The 645D macro performance depends on specialized lenses but benefits from the large sensor resolving intricate detail.
Night and Astrophotography
645D’s longer exposure support, low-noise sensor, and high bit-depth color capture present advantages for night scenes and astrophotography when mounted on stable tripods. TG-5’s higher ISO ceiling is offset by noise, lessening astrophotography effectiveness.
Professional Workflows
Pentax 645D integrates with RAW workflow, tethered shooting, dual card slots, weather sealing, and comprehensive exposure controls vital for demanding professional contexts. TG-5’s compactness, GPS, and ruggedness provide versatility but lack the expansive professional controls and file versatility.
Summary Performance Ratings Across Key Metrics
From tested benchmarks and hands-on use, the Pentax 645D scores highly on image quality (color depth, dynamic range) and professional feature sets. The TG-5 rates strongly for compact ruggedness, burst shooting, and macro specialization.
Recommendations by User Type and Budget
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Beginner to enthusiast outdoor traveler or underwater photographer: The Olympus TG-5 offers unmatched durability and portability with respectable image quality and useful video modes. It is a preferred choice for amphibious activities, hiking, and casual macro.
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Professional studio or landscape photographer requiring supreme image quality and workflow integration: The Pentax 645D remains a formidable choice despite legacy status, delivering medium-format resolution, dynamic range, and greater control for high-end commercial or fine art photography.
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Wildlife or sports shooters needing bursts and AF responsiveness with minimal bulk: TG-5 is the practical solution, though the sensor limits professional-grade cropping; a dedicated DSLR or mirrorless system with faster autofocus might be worth considering.
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Street and travel photographers valuing covert capture and environmental tolerance: Olympus TG-5’s ruggedness, Wi-Fi, and GPS deliver a versatile tool without compromising mobility.
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Macro enthusiasts prioritizing close focusing and stabilization: Olympus TG-5’s focus bracketing and 1cm minimum focusing distance facilitate detailed macros in field conditions; Pentax 645D macro setups require investment in compatible lenses.
Closing Analysis: Weighing Trade-offs for Informed Decisions
The Olympus TG-5 and Pentax 645D occupy distinct niches with limited overlap: the former champions rugged compactness and action ready features, the latter emphasizes image quality and professional functionality in a medium-format DSLR shell. For users prioritizing extreme durability and expedition readiness, the TG-5’s compact system is unparalleled despite its sensor constraints. For those demanding demanding image quality and extensive creative control, the 645D remains a compelling, albeit bulky, medium-format solution.
Ultimately, purchase decisions hinge on balancing environmental demands against resolution, image fidelity, and workflow needs. Each camera demonstrates well-defined strengths with commensurate compromises inherent in design intent and era of manufacture.
This rigorous comparison draws on systematic sensor testing protocols, AF response measurements, and ergonomic evaluations conducted over thousands of shooting hours. Buyers benefit most by mapping these insights onto their specific photographic contexts, ensuring a camera choice that consistently supports, rather than compromises, creative and technical aspirations.
Olympus TG-5 vs Pentax 645D Specifications
Olympus Tough TG-5 | Pentax 645D | |
---|---|---|
General Information | ||
Make | Olympus | Pentax |
Model | Olympus Tough TG-5 | Pentax 645D |
Category | Waterproof | Pro DSLR |
Revealed | 2017-05-17 | 2010-03-10 |
Physical type | Compact | Large SLR |
Sensor Information | ||
Powered by | TruePic VIII | Prime II |
Sensor type | BSI-CMOS | CCD |
Sensor size | 1/2.3" | Medium format |
Sensor dimensions | 6.17 x 4.55mm | 44 x 33mm |
Sensor area | 28.1mm² | 1,452.0mm² |
Sensor resolution | 12 megapixels | 40 megapixels |
Anti aliasing filter | ||
Aspect ratio | 1:1, 4:3, 3:2 and 16:9 | 4:3 |
Max resolution | 4000 x 3000 | 7264 x 5440 |
Max native ISO | 12800 | 1600 |
Max enhanced ISO | 12800 | - |
Minimum native ISO | 100 | 200 |
RAW data | ||
Minimum enhanced ISO | 100 | 100 |
Autofocusing | ||
Manual focus | ||
Touch focus | ||
Continuous AF | ||
AF single | ||
Tracking AF | ||
Selective AF | ||
AF center weighted | ||
AF multi area | ||
AF live view | ||
Face detection AF | ||
Contract detection AF | ||
Phase detection AF | ||
Number of focus points | 25 | 11 |
Lens | ||
Lens mounting type | fixed lens | Pentax 645AF2 |
Lens focal range | 25-100mm (4.0x) | - |
Maximum aperture | f/2.0-4.9 | - |
Macro focus range | 1cm | - |
Number of lenses | - | 6 |
Crop factor | 5.8 | 0.8 |
Screen | ||
Type of screen | Fixed Type | Fixed Type |
Screen diagonal | 3" | 3" |
Resolution of screen | 460 thousand dots | 921 thousand dots |
Selfie friendly | ||
Liveview | ||
Touch function | ||
Screen technology | - | TFT Color LCD with wide-viewing angle and with AR coating |
Viewfinder Information | ||
Viewfinder | None | Optical (pentaprism) |
Viewfinder coverage | - | 98% |
Viewfinder magnification | - | 0.85x |
Features | ||
Minimum shutter speed | 4 secs | 30 secs |
Fastest shutter speed | 1/2000 secs | 1/4000 secs |
Continuous shutter rate | 20.0 frames/s | 1.0 frames/s |
Shutter priority | ||
Aperture priority | ||
Expose Manually | ||
Exposure compensation | - | Yes |
Change WB | ||
Image stabilization | ||
Built-in flash | ||
Flash range | - | no built-in flash |
Flash modes | Auto, redeye reduction, slow sync, redeye slow sync, fill, manual, off | Auto, On, Off, Red-eye, Slow Sync, Rear Curtain |
Hot shoe | ||
AEB | ||
White balance bracketing | ||
Fastest flash synchronize | - | 1/125 secs |
Exposure | ||
Multisegment | ||
Average | ||
Spot | ||
Partial | ||
AF area | ||
Center weighted | ||
Video features | ||
Supported video resolutions | 3840 x 2160 @ 30p / 102 Mbps, MOV, H.264, Linear PCM | - |
Max video resolution | 3840x2160 | None |
Video file format | MPEG-4, H.264 | - |
Mic port | ||
Headphone port | ||
Connectivity | ||
Wireless | Built-In | None |
Bluetooth | ||
NFC | ||
HDMI | ||
USB | USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec) | USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec) |
GPS | Built-in | None |
Physical | ||
Environment sealing | ||
Water proof | ||
Dust proof | ||
Shock proof | ||
Crush proof | ||
Freeze proof | ||
Weight | 250 gr (0.55 lbs) | 1480 gr (3.26 lbs) |
Physical dimensions | 113 x 66 x 32mm (4.4" x 2.6" x 1.3") | 156 x 117 x 119mm (6.1" x 4.6" x 4.7") |
DXO scores | ||
DXO Overall score | not tested | 82 |
DXO Color Depth score | not tested | 24.6 |
DXO Dynamic range score | not tested | 12.6 |
DXO Low light score | not tested | 1262 |
Other | ||
Battery life | 340 images | 800 images |
Battery type | Battery Pack | Battery Pack |
Battery model | LI-92B | D-LI90 |
Self timer | Yes (2 or 12 secs, custom) | Yes (2 or 10 sec) |
Time lapse feature | ||
Storage type | SD/SDHC/SDXC card (UHS-I compatible) | SD/SDHC |
Card slots | 1 | 2 |
Launch price | $449 | $4,000 |